{
  "id": "case_ny_amabile_v_city_of_buffalo",
  "version": 3,
  "jurisdiction": "us-ny",
  "domain": "torts.sidewalk",
  "title": "Amabile v City of Buffalo, 93 NY2d 471 (1999)",
  "valid_from": null,
  "valid_to": null,
  "temporal_notes": [],
  "topics": [
    "prior_written_notice",
    "city_created_defect",
    "special_use",
    "city_liability"
  ],
  "status": "VERIFIED",
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    "methods": [
      "Quoted passages compared word for word with the Court of Appeals slip opinion in Cornell LII's New York Court of Appeals archive, fetched directly on 2026-09-29.",
      "The slip names a cited case differently from the printed report (\"Kiernan v City of Ithaca\" versus \"Kiernan v Thompson\"), so citations inside the passage are replaced by an ellipsis.",
      "Reporter citation and page 474 pin compared with Hawley v Town of Ovid, 2013 NY Slip Op 05109, on the official NY reporter site."
    ],
    "human_review_status": "reviewed",
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    {
      "version": 2,
      "date": "2026-09-29",
      "summary": "Recorded the CourtListener opinion cluster; its case name and decision date match this record"
    },
    {
      "version": 3,
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  "name": "Amabile v City of Buffalo",
  "citation": "93 NY2d 471",
  "parallel_citations": [
    "715 NE2d 104",
    "693 NYS2d 77"
  ],
  "court": "New York Court of Appeals",
  "court_level": "court_of_last_resort",
  "decided": "1999-06-08",
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  },
  "editor_summary": "Held that constructive notice cannot substitute for a statutory prior-written-notice requirement, and named the only two exceptions: a defect the municipality created by affirmative negligence, and special use.",
  "passages": [
    {
      "source": "src_cornell_amabile_v_city_of_buffalo",
      "locator": "93 NY2d at 474",
      "text": "This Court has recognized only two exceptions to the statutory rule requiring prior written notice, namely, where the locality created the defect or hazard through an affirmative act of negligence ... and where a \"special use\" confers a special benefit upon the locality"
    },
    {
      "source": "src_cornell_amabile_v_city_of_buffalo",
      "locator": "93 NY2d at 475-476",
      "text": "We conclude that constructive notice of a defect may not override the statutory requirement of prior written notice of a sidewalk defect."
    }
  ],
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