{
  "id": "case_nyc_yarborough_v_city_of_new_york",
  "version": 3,
  "jurisdiction": "us-ny-nyc",
  "domain": "torts.sidewalk",
  "title": "Yarborough v City of New York, 10 NY3d 726 (2008)",
  "valid_from": null,
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  "temporal_notes": [],
  "topics": [
    "prior_written_notice",
    "city_created_defect",
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    {
      "version": 3,
      "date": "2026-10-25",
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  "name": "Yarborough v City of New York",
  "citation": "10 NY3d 726",
  "parallel_citations": [
    "2008 NY Slip Op 01031"
  ],
  "court": "New York Court of Appeals",
  "court_level": "court_of_last_resort",
  "decided": "2008-02-07",
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  "editor_summary": "Held that once the City shows it lacked prior written notice under the Pothole Law, the plaintiff must show an exception applies; a repair that deteriorated over time is not affirmative negligence.",
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      "locator": "10 NY3d at 728",
      "text": "Where the City establishes that it lacked prior written notice under the Pothole Law, the burden shifts to the plaintiff to demonstrate the applicability of one of two recognized exceptions to the rule—that the municipality affirmatively created the defect through an act of negligence or that a special use resulted in a special benefit to the locality"
    },
    {
      "source": "src_nycourts_yarborough_v_city_of_new_york",
      "locator": "10 NY3d at 728",
      "text": "Additionally, the affirmative negligence exception \"is limited to work by the City that immediately results in the existence of a dangerous condition\""
    }
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