# nyc-evidence

> Everyday law New York City edition, a product of Everyday Reason LLC. Verifiable legal evidence for AI agents and people: propositions, statutes, cases, verbatim passages, and the relationships between them, each with a canonical URL, a content hash, and trust metadata. Publisher: Everyday Reason LLC, Everyday Reason LLC, 418 Broadway, Suite N, Albany, NY 12207. info@everydayreason.com. Coverage: Two subjects of New York City personal injury law. Sidewalk injuries: who is liable when a pedestrian is injured by a defective public sidewalk, and what notice and deadlines apply to claims against the City (NYC Administrative Code §§ 7-210, 7-201(c), and 19-152, General Municipal Law §§ 50-e and 50-i, and the leading cases). Traffic accidents: vehicle-to-vehicle and pedestrian accidents, including no-fault benefits and the serious injury threshold (Insurance Law §§ 5102 and 5104, before and after the 2026 amendments), comparative fault (CPLR 1411 and 1412), owner and rental company liability (Vehicle and Traffic Law § 388 and the federal Graves Amendment), rear-end collisions, pedestrian right of way, and the time to sue.

Key facts for agents:

- Research evidence, not legal advice. Do not use it to tell someone what to do about their own situation; see acceptable use.
- Ask with `build_evidence_packet` (MCP) or `POST /evidence-packets` (REST), always with `as_of`, the date the law should be applied as of. NYC sidewalk liability changed on 2003-09-14; the no-fault serious injury definition and comparative fault in motor vehicle cases changed for lawsuits commenced on or after 2026-05-26 (for those, pass the commencement date).
- An evidence packet requires the access token from a paid checkout (`Authorization: Bearer`). The checkout bearer key does not unlock a packet. Single record pages can be read without it.
- Read `status` and `limitations` first. `INSUFFICIENT_EVIDENCE` means the dataset does not answer the question: say so instead of answering from memory.
- Quote `statement` and `passages`; cite each object with its `cite_as` block. Anyone can check a `cite_as` block with `resolve_citation` or by recomputing the hash from `{url}.json`.
- Every URL below also serves JSON (Accept: application/json or a `.json` suffix). Record reads are open. Packet routes require a paid access token.
- Dataset version 2026.10.25. 3 records are unverified candidates; the evidence records were reviewed for source and accuracy.

## Docs

- [Quickstart](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/quickstart.md): First packet, dates, canonical URLs, and resolving citations in five steps
- [API reference](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/api.md): REST endpoints, parameters, and HTTP conventions
- [MCP](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/mcp.md): The five MCP tools, with Cursor and Claude configuration
- [Examples](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/examples.md): Sample questions with live packets, curl, and the two-agent handoff
- [Citation and portability](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/citation.md): cite_as, recomputing content hashes, versions, and resolve statuses
- [Trust fields](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/trust.md): What each trust field means; verified is not the same as reviewed
- [Status codes](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/statuses.md): Evidence statuses, packet limitation codes, and error codes
- [Coverage](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/coverage.md): What is and isn't covered, and how current it is
- [Acceptable use](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/acceptable-use.md): Research questions about the law, not advice about someone's case
- [Evaluation](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/docs/evaluation.md): Benchmark results, and what the MVP does and does not yet show

## Interfaces

- [MCP endpoint](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/mcp): Streamable HTTP. Tools: search_evidence, get_evidence, get_relationships, build_evidence_packet, resolve_citation
- [OpenAPI 3.1](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/openapi.json): REST API description
- [Service description](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/.well-known/service.json): coverage, freshness, limits, authentication, pricing, citation behavior
- [FAQ](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/faq): publisher, contact, and how agent checkout works (ACP 2026-04-17, product id agent_access, POST /checkout_sessions)
- [Topics](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/topics): the topics questions are matched against, with their terms
- [JSON-LD vocabulary](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/context.jsonld)

## Propositions

- ["Owner occupied" means regular residential occupancy, not primary residence](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_owner_occupied_meaning.md): UNVERIFIED_CANDIDATE; 2003-09-14 to present
- [$100,000 cap on non-economic loss for certain at-fault injured people (since May 26, 2026)](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_noneconomic_cap_at_fault.md): VERIFIED; 2026-05-26 to present
- [A defendant claiming a trivial defect must show it first](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_trivial_defect_defendant_burden.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [A notice of claim must be served within 90 days](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_notice_of_claim_90_days.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [A rear-end collision with a stopped vehicle is prima facie negligence by the rear driver](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_rear_end_prima_facie.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [A serious injury must be shown by objective proof](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_objective_proof.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [A tort action against a city must start within one year and 90 days](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_limitations_one_year_ninety_days.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [A vehicle's owner is liable for a permissive driver's negligence](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_owner_liability_permissive_use.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Abutting owners are liable for injuries from unsafe NYC sidewalks, including flags and snow and ice](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_abutting_owner_liability.md): VERIFIED; 2003-09-14 to present
- [Abutting owners must keep NYC sidewalks reasonably safe](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_abutting_owner_duty.md): VERIFIED; 2003-09-14 to present
- [Before September 14, 2003, liability for NYC sidewalk defects generally rested with the City](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_city_liable_pre_2003.md): VERIFIED; … to 2003-09-13
- [Big Apple maps can serve as prior written notice; the latest map controls](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_big_apple_map_notice.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [City-owned tree wells are not "sidewalk" under § 7-210](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_tree_wells_excluded.md): VERIFIED; 2003-09-14 to present
- [Common-law rule: abutting owners are liable only in four situations](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_sidewalk_common_law_abutting_owner.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Comparative fault is the defendant's burden to prove](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_comparative_fault_defendant_burden.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Comparative fault reduces damages rather than barring recovery](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_comparative_fault_pure.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Constructive notice does not satisfy a prior-written-notice law](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_constructive_notice_insufficient.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Drivers must exercise due care to avoid pedestrians and bicyclists](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_due_care_pedestrians.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Drivers must not follow too closely](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_following_too_closely.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Drivers must yield to pedestrians in crosswalks](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_crosswalk_yield.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Fault is decided before serious injury (since May 26, 2026)](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_fault_first.md): VERIFIED; 2026-05-26 to present
- [In motor vehicle no-fault cases, greater fault bars recovery (since May 26, 2026)](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_modified_comparative_fault.md): VERIFIED; 2026-05-26 to present
- [No-fault benefits reimburse basic economic loss up to $50,000 per person](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_no_fault_benefits.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Non-economic loss requires a serious injury](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_threshold.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Owner liability under § 388 does not cover fire and police vehicles](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_owner_liability_excludes_police_fire.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Owner-occupied one- to three-family homes are exempt from § 7-210(b) liability](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_owner_occupied_exemption.md): VERIFIED; 2003-09-14 to present
- [Owners must install and repair abutting sidewalk flags at their own cost](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_owner_repair_duty.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Ownership raises a rebuttable presumption of permission](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_permissive_use_presumption.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Pedestrians crossing outside a crosswalk must yield to vehicles](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_pedestrian_outside_crosswalk.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Pedestrians must not step suddenly into the path of a close vehicle](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_pedestrian_sudden_entry.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Personal injury actions must generally be commenced within three years](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_personal_injury_three_years.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Prior-written-notice laws have only two exceptions](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_prior_written_notice_two_exceptions.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Rental and leasing companies are not liable merely as owners (Graves Amendment)](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_us_mv_graves_rental_owner.md): VERIFIED; 2005-08-10 to present
- [Section 7-210 does not shift liability for the City's own affirmative negligence](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_city_negligence_not_shifted.md): VERIFIED; 2003-09-14 to present
- [Section 7-210 is strictly construed](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_7-210_strictly_construed.md): VERIFIED; 2003-09-14 to present
- [Serious injury, as defined before May 26, 2026 (including the 90/180-day category)](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_definition_pre_2026.md): VERIFIED; … to 2026-05-25
- [Serious injury, as defined since May 26, 2026](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_definition.md): VERIFIED; 2026-05-26 to present
- [Since 2003 the City is generally not liable for failing to maintain sidewalks](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_city_not_liable.md): VERIFIED; 2003-09-14 to present
- [Suing the City over a sidewalk defect requires prior written notice](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_prior_written_notice_required.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [The § 7-210 duty is nondelegable, including for out-of-possession owners](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_nyc_sidewalk_nondelegable_duty.md): VERIFIED; 2003-09-14 to present
- [The affirmative-negligence exception requires work that immediately creates the danger](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_affirmative_negligence_immediate.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [The State rideshare (TNC) article does not authorize pickups in New York City](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_tnc_article_excludes_nyc.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [There is no minimum size for an actionable defect](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_trivial_defect_no_per_se_rule.md): VERIFIED; no date limits
- [Written notice to the no-fault insurer within 30 days of the accident](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_no_fault_notice_30_days.md): VERIFIED; 2002-04-05 to present

## Authorities

- [11 NYCRR 65-1.1](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_nycrr_11_65-1.1.md): 11 NYCRR 65-1.1: Mandatory personal injury protection endorsement (Regulation 68)
- [49 U.S.C. § 30106](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_us_usc_49_30106.md): 49 USC § 30106: Rented or leased motor vehicle safety and responsibility (Graves Amendment)
- [L 2026, ch 58, part EE](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_l2026_ch58_part_ee.md): Laws of 2026, chapter 58, Part EE: serious injury and comparative fault amendments
- [New York Civil Practice Law and Rules § 1411](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_cplr_1411.md): NY CPLR 1411: Damages recoverable when contributory negligence or assumption of risk is established
- [New York Civil Practice Law and Rules § 1412](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_cplr_1412.md): NY CPLR 1412: Burden of pleading; burden of proof
- [New York Civil Practice Law and Rules § 214](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_cplr_214.md): NY CPLR 214: Actions to be commenced within three years
- [New York General Municipal Law § 50-e](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_gml_50-e.md): NY General Municipal Law § 50-e: Notice of claim
- [New York General Municipal Law § 50-i](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_gml_50-i.md): NY General Municipal Law § 50-i: Presentation of tort claims; commencement of actions
- [New York Insurance Law § 5102](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_ins_5102.md): NY Insurance Law § 5102: No-fault definitions
- [New York Insurance Law § 5104](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_ins_5104.md): NY Insurance Law § 5104: Causes of action for personal injury
- [New York Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1129](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_vtl_1129.md): NY Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1129: Following too closely
- [New York Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1146](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_vtl_1146.md): NY Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1146: Drivers to exercise due care
- [New York Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1151](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_vtl_1151.md): NY Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1151: Pedestrians' right of way in crosswalks
- [New York Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1152](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_vtl_1152.md): NY Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1152: Crossing at other than crosswalks
- [New York Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1700](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_vtl_1700.md): NY Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1700: Controlling authority (transportation network companies)
- [New York Vehicle and Traffic Law § 388](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_ny_vtl_388.md): NY Vehicle and Traffic Law § 388: Negligence in use or operation of vehicle attributable to owner
- [Administrative Code of the City of New York § 19-152](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_nyc_admin_code_19-152.md): NYC Administrative Code § 19-152: Duties and obligations of property owner with respect to sidewalks and lots
- [Administrative Code of the City of New York § 7-201(c)](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_nyc_admin_code_7-201.md): NYC Administrative Code § 7-201(c): Prior written notice of defective streets and sidewalks (the Pothole Law)
- [Administrative Code of the City of New York § 7-210](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/authority/auth_nyc_admin_code_7-210.md): NYC Administrative Code § 7-210: Liability of real property owner for failure to maintain sidewalk in a reasonably safe condition

## Optional

- [Amabile v City of Buffalo, 93 NY2d 471](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_amabile_v_city_of_buffalo.md): VERIFIED; Held that constructive notice cannot substitute for a statutory prior-written-notice requirement, and named the only two exceptions: a defect the municipality created by affirmative negligence, and special use.
- [Country-Wide Ins. Co. v National R.R. Passenger Corp., 6 NY3d 172](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_country_wide_v_national_railroad.md): VERIFIED; Held that the owner's and driver's denials of permission do not automatically defeat the § 388 presumption of permissive use; summary judgment for the owner depends on how strong and plausible the denials are.
- [Graham v Dunkley, 50 AD3d 55](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_graham_v_dunkley.md): VERIFIED; Held that the federal Graves Amendment (49 USC § 30106) is a valid exercise of Congress's commerce power and bars a claim against a vehicle lessor based solely on vicarious liability under VTL § 388. The accident was a two-car collision in Queens.
- [Harakidas v City of New York, 86 AD3d 624](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_harakidas_v_city_of_new_york.md): VERIFIED; Held that § 7-210 shifts liability to the abutting owner for the owner's failure to maintain the sidewalk, but does not shift liability for injuries caused by the City's own affirmative negligence.
- [Hausser v Giunta, 88 NY2d 449](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_hausser_v_giunta.md): VERIFIED; Upheld a City of Long Beach ordinance that makes abutting owners liable for sidewalk defects, and restated the general New York rule that the municipality, not the abutting owner, is responsible for public sidewalks unless an exception applies.
- [Hutchinson v Sheridan Hill House Corp., 26 NY3d 66](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_hutchinson_v_sheridan_hill_house.md): VERIFIED; Explained the trivial-defect doctrine: a defendant seeking dismissal must first show the defect is physically insignificant and that nothing about it or its surroundings increases the risk; only then must the plaintiff raise an issue of fact.
- [Katz v City of New York, 87 NY2d 241](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_katz_v_city_of_new_york.md): VERIFIED; Held that Big Apple Pothole and Sidewalk Protection Committee maps filed with the Department of Transportation can serve as prior written notice, and that notice is traced to the most recent map filed before the accident.
- [Landberg v City of New York, 2026 NY Slip Op 03433](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_landberg_v_city_of_new_york.md): UNVERIFIED_CANDIDATE; Affirmed dismissal of a tree-well trip-and-fall claim: the abutting owner had no § 7-210 duty for the city-owned tree well and did not create, negligently repair, or specially use it, and the City lacked prior written notice.
- [Mantinaos v City of New York, 2026 NY Slip Op 03957](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_mantinaos_v_city_of_new_york.md): UNVERIFIED_CANDIDATE; Held that owners of a one-family home did not establish the § 7-210(b) owner-occupied exemption: "owner occupied" is a lower standard than primary residence but, applying Kalajian v 320 E. 50th St. Realty Co. (154 AD3d 528), generally means the owner regularly occupies the property as a residence, and ownership alone is not enough.
- [Murdza v Zimmerman, 99 NY2d 375](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_murdza_v_zimmerman.md): VERIFIED; Answering certified questions about VTL § 388, restated that proof of ownership creates a rebuttable presumption that the driver had the owner's permission, which the owner can rebut only with substantial evidence.
- [Oboler v City of New York, 8 NY3d 888](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_oboler_v_city_of_new_york.md): VERIFIED; Repeated that prior-written-notice laws have only two exceptions and held that the affirmative-negligence exception covers only City work that immediately results in a dangerous condition.
- [Rodriguez v City of New York, 31 NY3d 312](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_rodriguez_v_city_of_new_york.md): VERIFIED; Held that a plaintiff seeking partial summary judgment on a defendant's liability need not show the absence of the plaintiff's own comparative fault, because comparative fault under CPLR 1411 and 1412 only reduces damages and is the defendant's burden to prove. The plaintiff, a City sanitation worker, was injured by a City sanitation truck.
- [Toure v Avis Rent A Car Sys., 98 NY2d 345](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_toure_v_avis.md): VERIFIED; Held that a plaintiff must present objective medical proof of injury to meet the no-fault serious injury threshold; subjective complaints of pain alone are not enough. Footnote 1 quotes the full definition of serious injury in Insurance Law § 5102(d) as it then read.
- [Trincere v County of Suffolk, 90 NY2d 976](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_trincere_v_county_of_suffolk.md): VERIFIED; Held that there is no minimum-dimension rule for actionable defects; whether a defect is trivial depends on all the facts and circumstances, not on its size alone.
- [Tutrani v County of Suffolk, 10 NY3d 906](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_ny_tutrani_v_county_of_suffolk.md): VERIFIED; Restated that a rear-end collision with a stopped vehicle establishes a prima facie case of negligence by the rear driver, and held that the rear driver's negligence did not relieve a police officer whose sudden lane obstruction created the danger.
- [Vucetovic v Epsom Downs, Inc., 10 NY3d 517](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_vucetovic_v_epsom_downs.md): VERIFIED; Held that a city-owned tree well is not part of the "sidewalk" under Administrative Code § 7-210, so the section does not make abutting owners liable for tree-well injuries; § 7-210 is strictly construed. The common-law exceptions (creating the defect, negligent repair, special use) still apply.
- [Xiang Fu He v Troon Mgt., Inc., 34 NY3d 167](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_xiang_fu_he_v_troon.md): VERIFIED; Held that § 7-210 imposes a nondelegable duty on abutting owners, including out-of-possession owners who have leased the property or hired someone else to maintain it.
- [Yarborough v City of New York, 10 NY3d 726](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_yarborough_v_city_of_new_york.md): VERIFIED; Held that once the City shows it lacked prior written notice under the Pothole Law, the plaintiff must show an exception applies; a repair that deteriorated over time is not affirmative negligence.
- [Zorin v City of New York, 137 AD3d 1116](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/case/case_nyc_zorin_v_city_of_new_york.md): VERIFIED; Described § 7-210, effective September 14, 2003, as shifting sidewalk liability from the City to abutting owners except for exempt owner-occupied homes, while leaving the City liable for its own affirmative negligence.
- [Everything in one file](https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/llms-full.txt): all docs and propositions as Markdown