{
  "id": "prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_definition",
  "version": 2,
  "jurisdiction": "us-ny",
  "domain": "torts.motor_vehicle",
  "title": "Serious injury, as defined since May 26, 2026",
  "valid_from": "2026-05-26",
  "valid_to": null,
  "temporal_notes": [],
  "topics": [
    "serious_injury"
  ],
  "status": "VERIFIED",
  "verification": {
    "verified_on": "2026-09-30",
    "methods": [
      "Statement drafted by the editor to restate only what the quoted passages say; each passage was checked against its source as recorded on the linked authority or case.",
      "Checked that every authority and case linked below says what the relationship note claims."
    ],
    "human_review_status": "reviewed",
    "reviewer": null
  },
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": 2,
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "summary": "Reviewed for source and accuracy."
    }
  ],
  "statement": "For actions commenced on or after May 26, 2026, a serious injury is a personal injury that results in death, dismemberment, significant disfigurement, a fracture, loss of a fetus, permanent loss of use of a body organ, member, function or system, permanent consequential limitation of use of a body organ or member, or significant limitation of use of a body function or system. The former 90/180-day category no longer counts.",
  "scope_notes": [
    "The 2026 amendments apply to actions and proceedings commenced on or after May 26, 2026, whatever the date of the accident. Read as_of as the date the lawsuit was commenced."
  ],
  "passages": [
    {
      "source": "src_nysenate_ins_5102",
      "locator": "§ 5102(d)",
      "text": "\"Serious injury\" means a personal injury which results in death; dismemberment; significant disfigurement; a fracture; loss of a fetus; permanent loss of use of a body organ, member, function or system; permanent consequential limitation of use of a body organ or member; or significant limitation of use of a body function or system."
    },
    {
      "source": "src_nyassembly_2026_a10008_part_ee",
      "locator": "Part EE § 4",
      "text": "This act shall take effect immediately and shall be applicable to all actions and proceedings commenced on or after such date."
    }
  ],
  "type": "proposition",
  "source_ids": [],
  "relationship_ids": [
    "rel_serious_injury_definition_supersedes_pre_2026"
  ],
  "url": "https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_definition",
  "cite_as": {
    "id": "prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_definition",
    "type": "proposition",
    "version": 2,
    "url": "https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/proposition/prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_definition",
    "content_hash": "sha256:438a310a6244418d3e53601582996a30a56fedb3fb5c689df6fbb41a64c31e97",
    "dataset_version": "2026.10.25"
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  "trust": {
    "authority_level": "primary_legislation",
    "source_type": "official_legislature",
    "primary_source": true,
    "verified": true,
    "verification_date": "2026-09-30",
    "source_freshness": "2026-10-25",
    "temporal_status": "current",
    "conflict_status": "none_known",
    "human_review_status": "reviewed",
    "provenance_complete": true
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  "applicability": {
    "as_of": "2026-11-04",
    "applies": true,
    "temporal_status": "current",
    "reason": "Applies from 2026-05-26.",
    "status": "VERIFIED"
  },
  "graph": {
    "authorities": [
      {
        "id": "auth_ny_ins_5102",
        "role": "establishes",
        "relationship": "rel_ins_5102_establishes_serious_injury_definition"
      },
      {
        "id": "auth_ny_l2026_ch58_part_ee",
        "role": "establishes",
        "relationship": "rel_part_ee_establishes_serious_injury_definition"
      }
    ],
    "cases": [],
    "outgoing": [
      {
        "id": "rel_serious_injury_definition_supersedes_pre_2026",
        "relation": "supersedes",
        "to": "prop_ny_mv_serious_injury_definition_pre_2026"
      }
    ],
    "incoming": [
      {
        "id": "rel_ins_5102_establishes_serious_injury_definition",
        "relation": "establishes",
        "from": "auth_ny_ins_5102"
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      {
        "id": "rel_part_ee_establishes_serious_injury_definition",
        "relation": "establishes",
        "from": "auth_ny_l2026_ch58_part_ee"
      }
    ]
  },
  "provenance": {
    "passages": [
      {
        "source": "src_nysenate_ins_5102",
        "locator": "§ 5102(d)",
        "sha256": "sha256:79101430b7240f05fc450b98b2908e9773dcf69fd306455faf26070560e46928",
        "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/ISC/5102",
        "retrieved": "2026-09-30"
      },
      {
        "source": "src_nyassembly_2026_a10008_part_ee",
        "locator": "Part EE § 4",
        "sha256": "sha256:c963a3d3c442ba5e6ec457f5ba8da48c9a09a2b9b77b3a31746f8a4563f9263d",
        "source_url": "https://www.dfs.ny.gov/industry-guidance/circular-letters/c32026-01",
        "retrieved": "2026-10-25"
      }
    ]
  },
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