{
  "id": "prop_nyc_sidewalk_city_not_liable",
  "version": 2,
  "jurisdiction": "us-ny-nyc",
  "domain": "torts.sidewalk",
  "title": "Since 2003 the City is generally not liable for failing to maintain sidewalks",
  "valid_from": "2003-09-14",
  "valid_to": null,
  "temporal_notes": [],
  "topics": [
    "city_liability",
    "sidewalk_defect",
    "sidewalk_liability"
  ],
  "status": "VERIFIED",
  "verification": {
    "verified_on": "2026-09-29",
    "methods": [
      "Statement drafted by the editor to restate only what the quoted passages say; each passage was checked against its source as recorded on the linked authority or case.",
      "Checked that every authority and case linked below says what the relationship note claims."
    ],
    "human_review_status": "reviewed",
    "reviewer": null
  },
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": 2,
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "summary": "Reviewed for source and accuracy."
    }
  ],
  "statement": "Since September 14, 2003, the City of New York is not liable for injuries caused by a failure to maintain sidewalks in a reasonably safe condition, except sidewalks abutting exempt owner-occupied one- to three-family homes and except where the City itself is the abutting property owner.",
  "scope_notes": [
    "The City can still be liable for defects it created by its own affirmative negligence (see prop_nyc_sidewalk_city_negligence_not_shifted), subject to the prior-written-notice rules."
  ],
  "passages": [
    {
      "source": "src_amlegal_nyc_admin_code_7-210",
      "locator": "§ 7-210(c)",
      "text": "Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the city shall not be liable for any injury to property or personal injury, including death, proximately caused by the failure to maintain sidewalks (other than sidewalks abutting one-, two- or three-family residential real property that is (i) in whole or in part, owner occupied, and (ii) used exclusively for residential purposes) in a reasonably safe condition. This subdivision shall not be construed to apply to the liability of the city as a property owner pursuant to subdivision b of this section."
    }
  ],
  "type": "proposition",
  "source_ids": [],
  "relationship_ids": [
    "rel_city_not_liable_supersedes_pre_2003"
  ],
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    "content_hash": "sha256:0034a52614374e6b7cb8a5af90ee46679970a38bd22a71dcf76d15fb729b7095",
    "dataset_version": "2026.10.25"
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  "trust": {
    "authority_level": "local_legislation",
    "source_type": "official_code",
    "primary_source": true,
    "verified": true,
    "verification_date": "2026-09-29",
    "source_freshness": "2026-09-29",
    "temporal_status": "current",
    "conflict_status": "none_known",
    "human_review_status": "reviewed",
    "provenance_complete": true
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  "applicability": {
    "as_of": "2026-11-04",
    "applies": true,
    "temporal_status": "current",
    "reason": "Applies from 2003-09-14.",
    "status": "VERIFIED"
  },
  "graph": {
    "authorities": [
      {
        "id": "auth_nyc_admin_code_7-210",
        "role": "establishes",
        "relationship": "rel_7-210_establishes_city_not_liable"
      }
    ],
    "cases": [
      {
        "id": "case_nyc_zorin_v_city_of_new_york",
        "role": "supports",
        "relationship": "rel_zorin_supports_city_not_liable"
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    "outgoing": [
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        "id": "rel_city_not_liable_supersedes_pre_2003",
        "relation": "supersedes",
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    "incoming": [
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        "id": "rel_7-210_establishes_city_not_liable",
        "relation": "establishes",
        "from": "auth_nyc_admin_code_7-210"
      },
      {
        "id": "rel_zorin_supports_city_not_liable",
        "relation": "supports",
        "from": "case_nyc_zorin_v_city_of_new_york"
      }
    ]
  },
  "provenance": {
    "passages": [
      {
        "source": "src_amlegal_nyc_admin_code_7-210",
        "locator": "§ 7-210(c)",
        "sha256": "sha256:201442901b52ef51ffbda7ed749eff0d5877ff811c844b32e8a5d20dc6f663dd",
        "source_url": "https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/newyorkcity/latest/NYCadmin/0-0-0-4164",
        "retrieved": "2026-09-29"
      }
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  },
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