{
  "id": "rel_common_law_owner_rule_limits_city_liable_pre_2003",
  "relation": "limits",
  "to": "prop_nyc_sidewalk_city_liable_pre_2003",
  "note": "Before September 14, 2003, the abutting owner could still be liable in the four common-law situations, so the City was not the only party responsible.",
  "valid_from": null,
  "valid_to": "2003-09-13",
  "passages": [
    {
      "source": "src_cornell_hausser_v_giunta",
      "locator": "88 NY2d at 452-453",
      "text": "Liability to abutting landowners will generally be imposed where the sidewalk was constructed in a special manner for the benefit of the abutting owner ... where the abutting owner affirmatively caused the defect ... where the abutting landowner negligently constructed or repaired the sidewalk ... and where a local ordinance or statute specifically charges an abutting landowner with a duty to maintain and repair the sidewalks and imposes liability for injuries resulting from the breach of that duty"
    }
  ],
  "version": 2,
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": 2,
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "summary": "Reviewed for source and accuracy."
    }
  ],
  "type": "relationship",
  "from": "prop_ny_sidewalk_common_law_abutting_owner",
  "title": "prop_ny_sidewalk_common_law_abutting_owner limits prop_nyc_sidewalk_city_liable_pre_2003",
  "status": "VERIFIED",
  "jurisdiction": "us-ny",
  "domain": "torts.sidewalk",
  "verification": {
    "verified_on": "2026-09-29",
    "methods": [
      "Statement drafted by the editor to restate only what the quoted passages say; each passage was checked against its source as recorded on the linked authority or case.",
      "Checked that every authority and case linked below says what the relationship note claims."
    ],
    "human_review_status": "reviewed",
    "reviewer": null
  },
  "url": "https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/relationship/rel_common_law_owner_rule_limits_city_liable_pre_2003",
  "cite_as": {
    "id": "rel_common_law_owner_rule_limits_city_liable_pre_2003",
    "type": "relationship",
    "version": 2,
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    "content_hash": "sha256:be27e9602f543a06d710ba11afb3833ada34ac40d3f4d7b232e55ac2563d493c",
    "dataset_version": "2026.10.25"
  },
  "trust": {
    "authority_level": "court_of_last_resort",
    "source_type": "secondary",
    "primary_source": false,
    "verified": true,
    "verification_date": "2026-09-29",
    "source_freshness": "2026-09-29",
    "temporal_status": "historical",
    "conflict_status": "none_known",
    "human_review_status": "reviewed",
    "provenance_complete": true
  },
  "applicability": {
    "as_of": "2026-11-04",
    "applies": false,
    "temporal_status": "historical",
    "reason": "Relationship holds until 2003-09-13.",
    "status": "VERIFIED"
  },
  "graph": {
    "outgoing": [],
    "incoming": []
  },
  "provenance": {
    "passages": [
      {
        "source": "src_cornell_hausser_v_giunta",
        "locator": "88 NY2d at 452-453",
        "sha256": "sha256:35e41c41fb8f03f7f8084f0cd4f9d5dada905cfb5e4caf55b2be5ed521374e14",
        "source_url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/nyctap/I96_0103.htm",
        "retrieved": "2026-09-29"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/relationship/rel_common_law_owner_rule_limits_city_liable_pre_2003",
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    "markdown": "https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/relationship/rel_common_law_owner_rule_limits_city_liable_pre_2003.md",
    "current": "https://agents.newyorkeverydaylawreference.com/relationship/rel_common_law_owner_rule_limits_city_liable_pre_2003",
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